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Objective To analyze the worldwide advances on bacterial quantitative proteomics over the past fifteen years with bibliometric approach.Methods Literature retrieval was conducted throughout the databases of Pubmed,Embase and Science citation index (SCI),using bacterium and quantitative proteomics as the key words.The deadline is July 2013.We sorted and analyzed these articles with Endnote X6 from the aspects of published year,the first author,name of journal,published institution,cited frequency and publication type.Results 932 English articles were included in our research after deleting the duplicates.The first article on bacterial quantitative proteomics was reported in 1999.The maximal publications were 163 related articles in 2012.Up till July 2013,authors from more than 23 countries and regions have published articles in this field.China ranks the fourth.The main publication type is original articles.The most frequently cited article is entitled with Absolute quantification of proteins by LCMSE:a virtue of parallel MS acquisition by Silva JC,Gorenstein MV,Li GZ,et al in Mol Cell Proteomics 2006.The most productive author is Smith RD from Biological Sciences Division,Pac.Northwest National Laboratory.The top journal publishing bacterial quantitative proteomics is Proteomics.Conclusion More and more researchers pay attention to quantitative proteomics which will be widely used in bacteriology.
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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Ertapenem has been demonstrated to be highly effective for the treatment of complicated infections. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of ertapenem with ceftriaxone.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We searched the PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library for published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared the efficacy and safety of ertapenem with ceftriaxone for the treatment of complicated infections including community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), complicated urinary tract infections (cUTIs), and complicated intra-abdominal infections (cIAIs). Meta-analysis was performed by RevMan 5.0.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Eight RCTs, involving 2 883 patients, were included in our meta-analysis. Ertapenem was associated with similar clinical treatment success with ceftriaxone for complicated infections (1 326 patients, fixed-effect model, OR: 1.13, 95% CI: 0.75-1.71). There was no difference between the compared treatment groups with regard to the microbiological treatment success, and no difference was found with regard to the incidence of clinical and laboratory drug-related adverse events between ertapenem and ceftriaxone groups. As to local tolerability, overall, there was no difference between the compared groups; however, in the subgroup analysis, local reaction was significantly less in the ertapenem subgroup than the ceftriaxone plus ceftriaxone subgroup.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Ertapenem can be used as effectively and safely as ceftriaxone for the treatment of complicated infections. It is an appealing option for the treatment of these complicated infections.</p>
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Humans , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Therapeutic Uses , Ceftriaxone , Therapeutic Uses , Intraabdominal Infections , Drug Therapy , Pneumonia , Drug Therapy , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Urinary Tract Infections , Drug Therapy , beta-Lactams , Therapeutic UsesABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effect of combined traditional chinese medicine and western medicine in treatment old men with femoral trochanteric fracture. Methods120 patients with femoral trochanteric fracture were separated into two groups.Patients in the experiment group were managed by traditional Chinese treatment besides the operations and patients in the control group received only operation treatment.We observed the patients' time of fracture healing and the life quality of them. ResultsThe cure effect of observe group was higher than that of control group(P＜0.05)and the fracture healing time in the observe group was shorter than that of control group(P＜0.01). ConclusionCombined treatment of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine was more effective in promoting the physical reconstruction of patients with femoral trochanteric fracture.
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Objective To develop a diagnosis model for active pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods The proteomic fingerprinting of 264 sera from active tuberculosis patients and controls were analyzed using the surface-enhanced laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF-MS) and protein-chip technology. The peaks were detected and filtrated by Ciphergen PrnteinChip(R) Software (version 3.1.1). Using the Biomarker Pattern 5.0 software, a diagnostic model was developed for diagnosis of active tuberculosis. Re-sults Fifty protein peaks were significantly different between the patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis and the controls with overlapping clinical features (P<0.01). Five protein peaks at 4360, 3311, 8160, 5723, 15173 m/z were chosen for the system classifier and the development of diagnosis model 1. The model differenti-ated the patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis from the controls with a sensitivity of 83.0%, and a speci-ficity of 89.6%. The diagnostic accuracy was up to 86.4%. Three protein peaks at 5643, 4486, 4360 m/z were chosen for the system classifier and the development of diagnosis model 2. The model differentiated the pa-tients with active pulmonary tuberculosis from the controls with a sensitivity of 96.9%, and a specificity of 97.8%. The diagnostic accuracy was up to 97.3%. Conclusion It might be a new diagnostic test for the de-tection of sera from the patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis using SELDI-TOF-MS and protein chip.
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OBJECTIVE To study the prevalence of atypical pathogens in patients with community acquired pneumonia(CAP) and the distribution of serotypes of Legionella pneumophilia.METHODS A prospective study was performed on 257 consecutive adult patients with CAP between Dec 2003 and Nov 2004.Antibodies of the paired serum samples to Mycoplasma pneumoniae,Chlamydia pneumoniae and Legionella pneumophilia serotypes 1 to 14 were detected.RESULTS The etiology of CAP was identified in 82(31.9%) patients.The distribution of causal agents was as follows:M.pneumoniae 63(24.5%),C.pneumoniae 17(6.6%),and L.pneumophilia 11(4.28%).Serotype 12 of L.pneumophilia was the predominant one,responsible for 21.8%(56/257).CONCLUSIONS Atypical pathogens especially M.pneumoniae have an important role in CAP;serotype 12 of L.pneumophilia is the predominant one in northern area of China.
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OBJECTIVE To establish a rat model of pulmonary infection by inoculating Pseudomonas aeruginosa to Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats and evaluate it.METHODS Two hundred SD rats were divided into 2 groups: the P.aeruginosa group and the control group,P.aeruginosa was embedded in minute seaweed alginate beads by an ejection set with an acuminate hole.Then the beads were inoculated into the rats′ lung through tracheal intubation.RESULTS The bacteriological values: P.aeruginosa was detected from rats of infected groups.Bacterial number was higher than 105CFU/g 3 and 7 days after infection and higher than 103CFU/g 14 and 28 days after infection.The pathological changes showed: 3 and 7 days after infection,lung abscess,edema,and consolidation could be seen from lungs of infected groups.At optical microscopy,alginateP.aeruginosa caused a pronounced inflammatory reaction with polymorphonuclear cells surrounding a bead.Fourteen and 28 days after infection,fibrinous adhesions and granulomas became the major pathological changes.CONCLUSIONS The animal model of pulmonary infection can be established by inoculating P.aeruginosa embedded in minute seaweed alginate beads made by an ejection set with an acuminate hole to SD rats.
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OBJECTIVE To study the synergism of imipenem(IMP) combined with azithromyicn(AZM) in the treatment of infection associated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm.METHODS The inhibitory activity of AZM to glycocalyx(GLX) production was detected with the L-tryptophan method.Viable counts in biofilms treated with AZM combined with IMP were detected with the methyl thiazolyl diphenyltetrazolium(MTT) method in vitro.The tissue cage method was used to establish the animal model of local P.aeruginosa biofilm infection and the synergism of IMP combined with AZM was also studied in vivo.RESULTS AZM could inhibit the production of GLX.When IMP was combined with 1/4MIC or 1/16MIC of AZM viable counts in biofilms were less than they were when IMP was given alone in vitro.When AZM and IMP were administered at the same time viable counts in tissue cage fluids were also less than they were when IMP was administered alone in vivo.CONCLUSIONS AZM could enhance the antibacterial activity of IMP in the treatment of infection associated with biofilm.
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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Telomerase expresses in many cancers and may contribute to drug-resistance. The aim of this study is to observe the effect of telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) DNAzyme on growth of A549/DDP cells and to explore the possibility of telomerase as a new target in treatment of drug resistance for lung cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>An hTERT DNAzyme was composed. Telomerase activity was measured by telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) modified from Kim's method. MTT was used to show the influence of hTERT DNAzyme and cisplatin on A549/DDP cells.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The telomerase activity of A549/DDP cells was down-regulated by hTERT DNAzyme in a dose-dependent manner. The growth inhibition rate of A549/DDP cells was 32.9% by hTERT DNAzyme of 0.25μmol/L, and 60.5% by hTERT DNAzyme combined with 3mg/L cisplatin. The CDI of hTERT DNAzyme and cisplatin was 0.9.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>hTERT DNAzyme can inhibit the growth of A549/DDP cells and has a synergistic effect with cisplatin. It is suggested that telomerase may be a new target in treatment of drug-resistant lung cancer cells.</p>
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BACKGROUND: Lung protective ventilation strategies and positive endexpiratory pressure (PEEP) have been widely used as an effective ventilation pattern in clinical practice of administration of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in recent years, but there arestill great arguments on the therapeutic effects.OBJECTIVE: To observe the changes of oxygenation index and inflammatory transmitters in peripheral blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) of different lung areas [superior area of lung (upper lobe), ventral side of inferior lung (heart lobe), and dorsalis inferior lung (diaphragm lobe)] of ARDS dogs caused by pulmonary and extrapulmonary insults under lung protective ventilation treatment.DESIGN: A randomized control animal study.SETTING: Department of Respiratory Medicine, the General Hospital of Chinese PLA.MATERIALS: Twenty-four adult healthy male mongrel dogs were randomly divided into four groups with 6 dogs in each: pulmonary ARDS experimental group, pulmonary ARDS control group, extrapulmonary ARDS experimental group and extrapulmonary ARDS control group.METHODS: Models of extrapulmonary ARDS were induced by intravenous injection of oleic acid (0.1-0.15 mg/kg), and the pulmonary ARDS models were established by intratracheal administration of diocty sulfosuccinate sodium salt. After lung injury, the experimental groups received lung protective ventilation treatment (tidal volume: 8 mL/kg, PEEP: 0.981 kPa)for 3 hours, and the control groups also received ventilation of large tidal volume (tidal volume: 14-17 mL/kg, PEEP: 0 kPa).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① changes of oxygenation index in each group; ② dynamically observed the changes of the inflammatory transmitters [tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6)] in pe. Ripheral blood and BALF of different lung areas (upper lobe, heart lobe and diaphragm lobe) of ARDS dogs under lung protective ventilation treatment.RESULTS: All the 24 dogs were involved in the analysis of results. ①After lung injury, the oxygenation indexes were significantly decreased in all the groups, and the oxygenation indexes after lung protective ventilation in the experimental groups were obviously higher than those in the control groups (P ＜ 0.05). At 2 and 3 hours after lung protective ventilation, the oxygenation indexes in the extrapulmonary ARDS experimental group were markedly higher than those in the pulmonary ARDS experimental group (P＜ 0.05). ② After lung injury, the levels of the inflammatory transmitters in peripheral blood were all obviously increased in all the groups, which were decreased to different extent after the lung protective ventilation treatment,but the therapeutic effect in the pulmonary ARDS experimental group was not as good as that in the extrapulmonary ARDS experimental group. ③The levels of inflammatory transmitters in BALF of lung upper lobe and heart lobe were obviously higher in pulmonary ARDS dogs than in extrapulmonary ARDS dogs.CONCLUSION: The ameliorations of the release of inflammatory transmitters and oxygenation index at different areas are obviously different between ARDS dogs caused by pulmonary and extrapulmonary insults, and lung protective ventilation has good effect on extrapulmonary ARDS dogs,but has bad effect on pulmonary ARDS ones.
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OBJECTIVE To determine the activity of moxifloxacin on bacterial biofilms formed by Haemophilus influenzae in vitro.METHODS Formation of bacterial biofilm was examined by crystal violet assay,viable cells counting in biofilms was also carried out.Alterations of biofilms were measured under varying concentrations of moxifloxacin.RESULTS Optical density values of biofilms were significantly decreased at the concentrations higher than 4 mg/L of moxifloxacin.The similar results were obtained for viable cell counting.Bacteria in biofilms were eliminated partly or completely at concentrations higher than 0.25 mg/L.CONCLUSIONS Moxifloxacin is able to destroy the biofilms and reduce viable cells counting at high concentrations.
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OBJECTIVE To study the treatment effect of macrolides on nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae biofilm formation.METHODS Two strains of H.influenzae were isolated from sputum specimens from patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases.Formation of bacterial biofilm was examined by crystal violet assay and scanning electron microscope.The biofilms were measured under varying concentrations of macrolides in vitro.RESULTS Biofilm synthesis was observed at subMIC and became thicker in roxithromycin and erythromycin at 1/8 MIC,Disruption of mature biofilms could be achieved at relatively higher concentration,Azithromycin displayed more powerful activity.CONCLUSIONS H.influenzae is capable to form biofilm in vitro,especially in subconcentration.Sufficient antibiotics dosage might affact early formation of biofilms.Azithromycin exerts better effects on biofilm formation than other macrolides.
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0.05);the bacterial sensitive rates of amoxicillin/(sulbactam),(amoxicillin)/clavulanate,amoxicillin,ampicillin/sulbactam and cefotaxime were 88.42%,86.78%,57.02%,(86.78%) and 85.95%,respectively;the antibacterial potency of amoxicillin/sulbactam was higher than(amoxicillin)/clavulanate that of from the results of MIC_(90).CONCLUSIONS Amoxicillin/sulbactam has good (bacteriological) efficacy.
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BACKGROUND: Although pulmonary diffusion capacity (PDC) has been substantially proved in a declining tendency in age-dependent manner, the effects of such related factors as body mass,sex and height within an age range on pulmonary membrane conductance (Dm) and capillary blood volume(CBV),as well as the correlation of Dm with CBV and PDC deserve further investigation.OBJECTIVE:To study the correlation of Dm and CBV with PDC,age,body mass, height and sex in normaladults.DESIGN: With healthy adults as subjects, multiple factor linear correlation and regression analysis was used to elicit correlation coefficient and regression equation while F-test and Q-test were used for comparing the differences between groups.PARTICIPANTS:We randomly selected 100 healthy adults,50 males and 50 females, who came to the clinic of the General Hospital of Chinese PLA for routine physical examination between April and October 1997.The 100 volunteers were divided into five groups according to their age:20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59 and 60-69 years old groups with 20 in each group, half males and half females.METHODS: PDC and Dm of the healthy adults were examined with Sensormedics 2200 pulmonary function detector. CBV was calculated with the following formula (1/PDC=I/ Dm +1/θCBV, θrefers to the combined velocity of CO with Hb,which was in inverse proportion to the inhaled partial oxygen pressure,Dm and CBV were unaffected by θ).Multiple factor linear correlation and progressive regression analysis was used to elicit correlation coefficient of PDC, Dm and CBV. Meanwhile, regression equation was used to reveal the correlation of age,body mass and height with pulmonary functions.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Correlation ofDm and CBV with PDC and age, body mass, height and sex in normal adults.RESULTS:Data of the 100 healthy adults were processed according to the objective and statistically analyzed.① PDC and Dm were proved to decline in age-dependent manner from the onset of 40 years old in the 100 healthy adults (P＜ 0.05), and CBV also declined after 50 years old (P ＜ 0.05).②Relationship between women's age and pulmonary function:Age was proved to have significant negative correlation with PDC,Dm and CBV (r= -0.646 0 to -0.814 6, P＜ 0.01).By contrast,PDC was found to be positively correlated with Dm,CBV and alveolus ventilation volume (AVV) (r=0.949 7, 0.740 0, 0.735 6, P＜ 0.01), and AVV was found to be positively correlated with PDC, Dm and CBV (r=0.482 1-0.740 6,P＜ 0.01).③ Relationship between men's age and pulmonary function:Age had significant negative correlation with PDC, Dm and CBV (r=-0.712 to -0.830 5, P＜ 0.01). However, PDC was found to be moderately or highly positively correlated with Dm,CBV and AVV(r=0.585 2 to 0.946 0, P＜ 0.01), and AVV had moderately positive correlation with PDC, Dm and CBV (r=0.431 3-0.585 2, P＜ 0.01). ④ Regression analysis revealed that age and height were the main variables of the predicting equation of PDC,Dm and CBV.Body mass could not enter regression equation in females,and it was only proved to be correlated with PDC and CBV in males with the regression coefficient of 0.009 4 and 0.654 3, respectively.CONCLUSION:① PDC and Dm begin to decline from the onset of 40 years old in healthy adults (P＜ 0.05),and CBV declines after 50 years old.② PDC, Dm and CBV of healthy adults are proved to decline in age-dependent manner. ③ PDC increases with the increment of Dm and CBV. ④ Age and/or height are the main variables in the regression equation of PDC, Dm and CBV, but body mass is not the key predictor for Dm and CBV.
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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>To investigate the differentially expressed gene profile between high-rate and low-rate metastatic large-cell lung cancer cell lines via differential display reverse transcript PCR (DDRT-PCR).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>DDRT-PCR was performed in two large-cell lung cancer cell lines with different metastatic ability. The differentially displayed cDNA were cloned and sequenced and compared with the sequences in the GenBank.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Fifty differentially displayed cDNAs were acquired, including 18 function-known genes, 16 function-unknown genes, 16 genomic DNA fragments and 4 ESTs.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The cell lines have different gene expression profiles, and metastasis is affected by multi-gene expression and regulation. Some genes which contribute to the metastasis of lung cancer could be found by DDRT-PCR, and this study gives some new clues to cancer diagnosis and therapy.</p>
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effectiveness of a helium-oxygen mixture (79%He- 21%O(2)) as an aerosolizing compressed gas for beta(2)-agonist therapy in patients with an asthma exacerbation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-four patients in the outpatient department with a mild to moderate exacerbation of asthma were enrolled. The patients were randomly divided into an experimental group (13 cases) and a control group (11 cases). The experimental group inhaled Berotec with heliox-driven, and the control group inhaled Berotec with compressed air-driven. Eight hospitalized patients in the respiratory department with severe exacerbation of asthma were enrolled. The patients inhaled Berotec with heliox-driven or compressed air-driven in a random order.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The results of spirometric parameters and arterial blood-gas analysis were measured. In the mild to moderate asthma patients, no statistical differences between the two groups for forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expired volume in one second (FEV(1)), and expiratory flow in 50% forced vital capacity (FEF(50)) were presented. But the severe patients showed significant differences between heliox-driven and compressed air-driven for FVC, FEV(1), FEF(50) and partial pressure of oxygen (PaO(2)).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Compared with the traditional inhalation of beta(2)-agonist therapy using compressed air-driven, the method of inhaling beta(2)-agonist with heliox-driven has more obvious benefits for those suffering from severe asthma. This is likely due to the cooperative effects between inhaling heliox on its physical gas properties and improving delivery of beta(2)-agonist in the treatment of exacerbation of severe asthma.</p>
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Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Adrenergic beta-Agonists , Asthma , Therapeutics , Bronchodilator Agents , Fenoterol , Helium , OxygenABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE The antimicrobial activity in vitro of mezlocillin／sulbactam(MLBT),piperacillin／tazobactam(Tazocillin,TZXL),mezlocillin(MLXL) and ticarcillin／clavulanic acid(Timentin TMT) against 179 clinical isolates was studied.METHODS MICs were determined by agar dilution method.RESULTS The antimicrobial activity in vitro of MLBT against clinical bacteria was 1-2 times higher than that of MLXL.In vitro,MLBT has higher susceptibility than MLXL against Escherichia coli which have higher rate producing β-lactamase,such as Enterobacter species,Acinetobacter species,et al.,and has higher susceptibility than TMT against Enterobacter and other G- bacillus(P＜0.01).MLBT and TZXL have similar antibacterial spectrum and activity susceptible rate.MIC50 of TZXL was 1-2 times lower than that of the MLBT,but there were no siginficant differences. CONCLUSIONS The antimicrobial spectrum and antimicrobial activity in vitro of MLBT were similar to that of TZXL.
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To investigate the possibility to enhance resistance of human bone marrow cells to anticancer agents by transfection of mdrl gene. We transferred mdrl gene into human bone marrow cells with plasmid pHaMDR1/A containing human mdrl cDNA by Lipofectin.Pgp,mdrl gene expression product was detected by both flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry.Also,Pgp function was tested by efflux study using rhodamine.The resistance of human bone marrow cells to anticancer agents was assayed by color forming unit culture after exposure to Vincristine,Daunomycin, and Vp16.The results showed that mdrl gene was successfully transferred into human bone marrow cells, and it expressed.Biological activity of Pgp was confirmed by efflux study using rhodamine.Transferred human bone marrow cells possessed resistance to anticancer agents.It suggested that transfection of mdrl gene can increase resistance of human bone marrow cells to anticancer agents.
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Objective Determination of the specific antibodies of IgG and IgM against SARS virus in serum specimens from convalescent SARS patients. Methods The contents of IgG and IgM antibodies against coronavirus were determined with ELISA in the blood of 22 convalescent SARS patients. At the same time, the sera from 22 healthy people were used as negative control. Results The positive rate of specific IgG was 100.0% in convalescent SARS patients (the minimal OD value was 0.477, the maximal OD value was 1.851, the mean value was 1.163), within 71 days of recovery. The positive rate of specific IgM was 22.73% in convalescent patients (5 in 22 samples), and it became negative in all patients after 65 days. On the contrary, the IgG and IgM antibodies were all negative in all 22 healthy people. Conclusion The results indicated that all patients convalescent from SARS could generate specific IgG antibody, which might last for a long time.
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Fungal infection of lung has been a common disease.The complicated clinical manifestations make its diagnosis and treatment difficult.The following should be paid attention to.First,different pulmonary mycosis may have very different clinical characteristics,so the diagnostic standard and therapy should be established accordingly.Second,the proven cases of candida pneumonia are decreasing,probably because of the decreasing needs for biopsies.So candida pneumonia seems still common.Third,different types of endemic pulmonary mycosis have distinguishing characteristics.Some cases could be misdiagnosed as cancers or other diseases,which we should be aware of.
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Objective To study the correlation between mutant selection window (MSW) and selective enrichment of Staphylococcus aureus resistant mutants in vivo. Methods Tuberculosis patients colonized with S. aureus in anterior nares were selected as experimental group. The susceptibility of S. aureus to rifampicin was determined at the beginning of and 2,4 and 5 weeks after the anti-tuberculosis therapy with rifampicin-containing regimens. S. aureus isolates developing acquired resistance were examined by molecular strain typing. Diabetes patients colonized with S. aureus served as an untreated control. Results The S. aureus isolated from 5 patients acquired rifampicin resistance in 58 tuberculosis patients. It was determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and protein A repeat sequence the strains of S. aureus were different, but the isolates obtained from the same patient before and after acquisition of resistance were the same strains. No resistance was acquired in 39 untreated control patients, which differed statistically from treated patients. Conclusion The selective enrichment of rifampicin-resistant S. aureus mutants occurred when rifampicin concentration was in the mutant selection window.